Upgrade Bazel to 9.0.0 #21276

redsun82 · 2026-02-05T16:43:10Z

Summary

Upgrade Bazel from 8.x to 9.0.0.

Bazel 9 removes native.cc_* and native.java_* rules from Starlark scope, requiring explicit imports from rules_cc and rules_java.

Changes

Core upgrade

Upgrade Bazel to 9.0.0 in .bazelversion

New module dependencies

rules_cc 0.2.16: provides cc_binary, cc_library, cc_test
rules_java 9.0.3: provides java_* rules
Update rules_go 0.56.1 → 0.59.0 (Bazel 9 compatibility)
Update gazelle 0.40.0 → 0.47.0 (rules_go 0.59.0 compatibility)
Update rules_nodejs 6.2.0-codeql.1 → 6.7.3 (upstream version)
Update rules_kotlin 2.2.0-codeql.1 → 2.2.2-codeql.1 (Windows bzlmod fix)

Configuration

Add +@rules_cc to --incompatible_autoload_externally for graceful migration
Register Python 3.12 toolchain (rules_python 1.x requires explicit registration)
Disable Android SDK auto-detection (ANDROID_HOME=) to avoid rules_android Bazel 9 compatibility issues

Starlark migrations

Add explicit load() statements for cc_binary, cc_library, CcInfo in .bzl files
Replace native.cc_* calls with explicit rule names

BUILD file migrations

Add explicit load() for cc_binary, cc_library, cc_test from @rules_cc//cc:defs.bzl
Add explicit load() for java_library, java_test from @rules_java//java:defs.bzl

C++ runfiles API migration

Move from @bazel_tools//tools/cpp/runfiles to @rules_cc//cc/runfiles
Update include path and namespace in zipmerge_test.cpp

Windows compatibility fixes

Upgrade rules_kotlin to 2.2.2 which fixes Windows bzlmod builder classpath issues
Fix codegen templates to be properly included in runfiles (dbscheme, ql, rust)

Fixes

Correct malformed JSON in rules_nodejs metadata (trailing comma)

Copilot

Pull request overview

This PR upgrades Bazel from version 8.4.2 to 9.0.0, a major version upgrade that removes native.cc_* and native.java_* rules from Starlark scope, requiring explicit imports from rules_cc and rules_java.

Changes:

Upgrade Bazel to 9.0.0 and add new module dependencies (rules_cc 0.2.16, rules_java 9.0.3)
Update related dependencies for Bazel 9 compatibility (rules_go, gazelle, rules_nodejs, rules_kotlin)
Add explicit load() statements for cc_* and java_* rules across .bzl and BUILD files
Migrate C++ runfiles API from @bazel_tools to @rules_cc

Reviewed changes

Copilot reviewed 20 out of 20 changed files in this pull request and generated 1 comment.

Show a summary per file

File	Description
.bazelversion	Upgrade Bazel version from 8.4.2 to 9.0.0
.bazelrc	Add @rules_cc to incompatible_autoload_externally flag and disable Android SDK auto-detection
MODULE.bazel	Add rules_cc and rules_java dependencies, update rules_go/gazelle/rules_nodejs/rules_kotlin versions, register Python 3.12 toolchain
swift/rules.bzl	Add load() for cc_binary, cc_library, CcInfo; replace native.cc_* calls
swift/logging/BUILD.bazel	Add load() for cc_library from rules_cc
shared/cpp/BUILD.bazel	Add load() for cc_library from rules_cc
misc/bazel/cmake/cmake.bzl	Add load() for CcInfo from rules_cc
misc/bazel/internal/zipmerge/BUILD.bazel	Add load() for cc_* rules; migrate runfiles dependency from @bazel_tools to @rules_cc
misc/bazel/internal/zipmerge/zipmerge_test.cpp	Update runfiles include path and namespace from bazel::tools to rules_cc::cc
misc/codegen/BUILD.bazel	Add dbscheme, ql, and rust template filegroups to data dependencies
misc/codegen/templates/BUILD.bazel	Create filegroups for dbscheme, ql, and rust templates
javascript/extractor/BUILD.bazel	Add load() for java_library from rules_java
javascript/extractor/test/com/semmle/js/extractor/test/BUILD.bazel	Add load() for java_test from rules_java
misc/bazel/registry/modules/rules_kotlin/metadata.json	Add rules_kotlin 2.2.2-codeql.1 to versions list
misc/bazel/registry/modules/rules_kotlin/2.2.2-codeql.1/*	Add new rules_kotlin version with patches and MODULE.bazel configuration
misc/bazel/registry/modules/rules_kotlin/2.2.0-codeql.1/source.json	Reorder patches (cosmetic change for consistency)
misc/bazel/registry/modules/rules_nodejs/metadata.json	Fix malformed JSON (critical issue - file is incomplete after changes)

Copilot · 2026-02-06T17:29:42Z

misc/bazel/registry/modules/rules_nodejs/metadata.json

-        "6.2.0-codeql.1"
-    ]
-}
+    "6.2.0-codeql.1"


The JSON file is malformed after the changes. Line 3 should be part of a complete JSON array, but it's missing the closing bracket and brace. The file should be:

{ "versions": [ "6.2.0-codeql.1" ] }

The diff shows lines being removed but line 3 appears incomplete in the result.

Suggested change

"6.2.0-codeql.1"

"6.2.0-codeql.1"

]

}

Agreed. This commit seems to break the JSON file, and does not fix anything. I don't see a "trailing comma after last array element" in the file to begin with.

Bazel 9 removes native.cc_* and native.java_* rules from Starlark, requiring explicit imports from rules_cc and rules_java.

Add explicit dependencies required for Bazel 9: - rules_cc 0.2.16: provides cc_binary, cc_library, cc_test - rules_java 9.0.3: provides java_* rules Also update related dependencies: - rules_go: 0.56.1 → 0.59.0 (compatibility with Bazel 9) - gazelle: 0.40.0 → 0.47.0 (compatibility with rules_go 0.59.0) - rules_nodejs: 6.2.0-codeql.1 → 6.7.3 (upstream version)

rules_python 1.x requires explicit toolchain setup and no longer auto-registers toolchains. Register Python 3.12 toolchain to ensure Python tools work correctly with Bazel 9.

Add +@rules_cc to --incompatible_autoload_externally to enable graceful migration path for cc_* rule usages before all files are updated with explicit imports.

Bazel 9 removes native.cc_* and CcInfo from global scope. Update: - swift/rules.bzl: Add cc_binary, cc_library, CcInfo imports; use explicit cc_binary/cc_library instead of native.cc_* - misc/bazel/cmake/cmake.bzl: Add CcInfo import for provider usage

Add explicit load statements for cc_binary, cc_library, and cc_test from @rules_cc//cc:defs.bzl in: - shared/cpp/BUILD.bazel - swift/logging/BUILD.bazel - misc/bazel/internal/zipmerge/BUILD.bazel

Add explicit load statements for java_library and java_test from @rules_java//java:defs.bzl in: - javascript/extractor/BUILD.bazel - javascript/extractor/test/com/semmle/js/extractor/test/BUILD.bazel

Bazel 9 moves the C++ runfiles library from @bazel_tools to @rules_cc. Update zipmerge_test.cpp: - Change include from tools/cpp/runfiles to rules_cc/cc/runfiles - Update namespace from bazel::tools::cpp::runfiles to rules_cc::cc::runfiles Note: The BUILD.bazel dependency change is in a separate commit.

rules_android has repository visibility issues with Bazel 9 when the Android SDK is present. Since we don't use Android, disable detection by setting ANDROID_HOME to empty.

Upgrade from 2.2.0-codeql.1 to 2.2.2-codeql.1 which includes: - Fix Windows bzlmod builder classpath issue - Move to official bazel worker api This eliminates the need for --legacy_external_runfiles on Windows. Also fix codegen templates to be included in runfiles.

mbg

This generally looks good! A few minor comments and the same observation about the JSON file as Copilot (which may already be fixed as of your force-push a minute ago).

mbg · 2026-02-10T12:33:10Z

swift/rules.bzl

+load("@rules_cc//cc:defs.bzl", "cc_binary", "cc_library")
+load("@rules_cc//cc/common:cc_info.bzl", "CcInfo")


Could this be one load?

hmm, it may be that defs.bzl reexports that definition, let me check

mbg · 2026-02-10T12:36:11Z

misc/bazel/registry/modules/rules_nodejs/metadata.json

-        "6.2.0-codeql.1"
-    ]
-}
+    "6.2.0-codeql.1"


Agreed. This commit seems to break the JSON file, and does not fix anything. I don't see a "trailing comma after last array element" in the file to begin with.

mbg · 2026-02-10T12:38:22Z

misc/bazel/registry/modules/rules_kotlin/metadata.json

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
    ],
    "versions": [
        "2.2.0-codeql.1",


Is this still needed?

yeah, not really. There are cases in which we may want to make a patched version stick around (for being able to merge a codeql PR independently of the internal repo), but this is not one of them.

mbg · 2026-02-10T12:52:45Z

misc/bazel/registry/modules/rules_kotlin/2.2.2-codeql.1/patches/codeql_do_not_emit_jdeps.patch

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+Emitting jdeps is broken for the 2.0.0 kotlin extractor, and we don't need those files.
+Patching it here rather than passing `--@rules_kotlin//kotlin/settings:jvm_emit_jdeps=false`
+allows us to not have to specify that option (and therefore pull in `rules_kotlin`) in `semmle-code`.


"in the internal repo"?

mbg · 2026-02-10T12:54:01Z

misc/bazel/registry/modules/rules_kotlin/2.2.0-codeql.1/source.json

+        "codeql_add_language_version_option.patch": "sha256-HoH8NWXxmYHmm/SxaugRdXgMntvcQx5gRLW2yQIvWhM=",
+        "codeql_do_not_emit_jdeps.patch": "sha256-gIlhXEY71vlCkpr5wj2vm3yv6RwcuKLhgbTGqdVvQfU="


(Any reason for the reshuffle here?)

uh, let me check, maybe the the fix.py script does not guarantee the order

yeah, it uses iterdir without sorting, so the order is not preserved. I'll make it lexicographic (which does mean a reshuffling here, but will avoid reshufflings in the future)

github-actions bot added JS Swift labels Feb 5, 2026

redsun82 force-pushed the redsun82/bazel-9 branch from c3452fb to 2483b89 Compare February 5, 2026 16:43

redsun82 added the depends on internal PR This PR should only be merged in sync with an internal Semmle PR label Feb 5, 2026

redsun82 marked this pull request as ready for review February 6, 2026 17:25

redsun82 requested review from a team as code owners February 6, 2026 17:25

Copilot AI review requested due to automatic review settings February 6, 2026 17:25

redsun82 requested review from a team as code owners February 6, 2026 17:25

Copilot started reviewing on behalf of redsun82 February 6, 2026 17:25 View session

Copilot AI reviewed Feb 6, 2026

View reviewed changes

redsun82 force-pushed the redsun82/bazel-9 branch from d6c316f to a76c0b5 Compare February 9, 2026 09:19

redsun82 added 11 commits February 10, 2026 13:44

chore: upgrade Bazel to 9.0.0

d33375c

Bazel 9 removes native.cc_* and native.java_* rules from Starlark, requiring explicit imports from rules_cc and rules_java.

feat: add Python 3.12 toolchain registration

4d6fb87

rules_python 1.x requires explicit toolchain setup and no longer auto-registers toolchains. Register Python 3.12 toolchain to ensure Python tools work correctly with Bazel 9.

feat: add rules_cc to autoload configuration

578efea

Add +@rules_cc to --incompatible_autoload_externally to enable graceful migration path for cc_* rule usages before all files are updated with explicit imports.

refactor: migrate BUILD files to explicit rules_cc imports

f881d36

Add explicit load statements for cc_binary, cc_library, and cc_test from @rules_cc//cc:defs.bzl in: - shared/cpp/BUILD.bazel - swift/logging/BUILD.bazel - misc/bazel/internal/zipmerge/BUILD.bazel

refactor: migrate BUILD files to explicit rules_java imports

10a2824

Add explicit load statements for java_library and java_test from @rules_java//java:defs.bzl in: - javascript/extractor/BUILD.bazel - javascript/extractor/test/com/semmle/js/extractor/test/BUILD.bazel

fix: disable Android SDK auto-detection for Bazel 9 compatibility

ca90de2

rules_android has repository visibility issues with Bazel 9 when the Android SDK is present. Since we don't use Android, disable detection by setting ANDROID_HOME to empty.

fix: sort use_repo alphabetically in rules_kotlin MODULE.bazel

37261b2

redsun82 force-pushed the redsun82/bazel-9 branch from b77972a to 37261b2 Compare February 10, 2026 12:44

mbg reviewed Feb 10, 2026

View reviewed changes

redsun82 added 2 commits February 10, 2026 16:20

Merge branch 'main' into redsun82/bazel-9

e4871fc

address review

000d824

Merge branch 'main' into redsun82/bazel-9

40b9084

		load("@rules_cc//cc:defs.bzl", "cc_binary", "cc_library")
		load("@rules_cc//cc/common:cc_info.bzl", "CcInfo")

		"codeql_add_language_version_option.patch": "sha256-HoH8NWXxmYHmm/SxaugRdXgMntvcQx5gRLW2yQIvWhM=",
		"codeql_do_not_emit_jdeps.patch": "sha256-gIlhXEY71vlCkpr5wj2vm3yv6RwcuKLhgbTGqdVvQfU="

Upgrade Bazel to 9.0.0 #21276

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Upgrade Bazel to 9.0.0 #21276

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redsun82 commented Feb 5, 2026 • edited Loading Uh oh! There was an error while loading. Please reload this page.

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Summary

Changes

Core upgrade

New module dependencies

Configuration

Starlark migrations

BUILD file migrations

C++ runfiles API migration

Windows compatibility fixes

Fixes

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Pull request overview

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redsun82 commented Feb 5, 2026 •

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